Improvement in telegeaphic insteument



S. F. DAY.

Telegraph Relay-Instrument.

Patented Oct-6, 1868.

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SAMUEL F. DAY, OF BALSTON SPA, NEW YORK.

Letters Patent No. 82,695, dated October 6, 1868.

IMPROVEMENT IN TBLEGRAPHIG INSTRUMENT.

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Specification of certain Improvements in Telegraphic Instrumentsinventedby SAMUEL F. DAY, of Balston Spa, in the county of Saratoga, andState of New York.

Nature and Object of the Invention.

This iuvention is designed to obviate the difiioulties which are nowfound in working telegraphic instru meats without local batteries, andalso to furnish an instrument which can, when desired, be used as arepeater, as hereinafter more fully set forth.

In the Letters Patent granted to me, November 1, 1864, Ihave describedan instrument which was designed to and does make the line of currentavailable by changing the direction of the whole of said current, so asto make it pass alternately through the sounder and through the-shortline around it. But .that invention, while it possessed materialadvantages, was nevertheless subject to the objection, that toaccomplish said object in the manner there described, it was necessaryto provide against the surging of the current by the introduction ofdelicate mechanism to continue the current in one direction till it was"absolutely broken in the other; and the liability of this delicatemechanism to disarrangemcnt, offered an obstacle, to a certain extent,to the use of that instrument. I

In the present invention the object of operating the sounder isaccomplished by making a continuous circuit around the sounder through aresistance-coil of greater length thanthat of the magnets attached tothe sounder, and transferring a portion, perhaps I should rather say thebulk, of the current through the sounder by means of a relay-instrumentconnected to it for that purpose:

My present invention also contains a provision for converting a sounderinto a repeater, when it is desired to use it for that purpose, by soconnecting the parts that while the relay is made to control theaction-of the sounder, the sounder in turn is made to work the mainline. Still another feature of this invention consists in the device,hereinafter described, for hanging and adjusting therelaymagnets so asto bring them at the proper distance from the relay-lever for thediii'erent purposes and in the dilierent operations desired. The detailsof description, which are necessary to a full understanding oftheinvention, are hereinafter more fully set forth.

Description of the accompanying Drawings.

Figure 1 is a side elevation of a telegraphic instrument embodying myimprovements. Figure 2 is a plan of the some. Figure 3 is an under sideview.

General Description.

A is the cast-iron bed-plate of the machine.

B is a board or piece of wood resting upon the bed A, and on which therelay is placed.

C is a board or piece of wood, upon which the sounder is placed, andwhich is also supported by the bed A.

D D are the magnets of relay-instrument.

is the armature of the same; and

F is the lever of the same.

This lever is kept up against the insulated pin a, by the ordinaryspringb except when drawn in the opposite direction by the force of thecurrent, in which case it will be brought against the pin 0, and willthen form a connection with the loop G of the relay. The adjustments ofthe vibrations of the relay-lever F are regulated in the same manner asin ordinary telegraphic instruments.

H is a raised brass plate, which rests on the board 0, to support thesounder, to which the sounder-posts I I are attached. Thesesounder-posts are, however, insulated from the plate H by India-rubbersockets, or

their equivalents.

J J are the sounder magnets, K the sounder-lever, and L the armature ofthe sounder.

An inspection of the drawings will make the construction of the partsplain, as most of the details not particularly described aresubstantially similar to those of instruments in ordinary use.

The line is connected with the instrument by attaching one part of theline to the screw-cup M, and the other part of the line to the screw-cupN. The wire d, from the foot of the screw-cup M, extends up through theboard B, and connects to the magnets of the relay, through which-thecurrent passes to the wire c, which connects with two wires,fand g, theformer of which enters the coil or ball of magnet-wire O, which isconnected by wire it to the switch-post z', from which point thedirection of the current is controlled by the position of theswitch-lever 1?.

When the-instrument has to be used as a repeater, the switch-lever P isturned to the left, in which case the current through the coil 0 willpass from theswitch-post 2, over the wire j, and up the post I, to thesoundinglever K, down the post I, and along the wire it, to thescrew-cup N, and then over-the line, thus completing the circuit, exceptwhile the lever K is making its upward stroke, whenthe connection inthat direction will be broken.

If, however, the switch-lever is turned to the right, so as to connectwith the switch-post z', the current through the coil then has aconnection with the main line bypassing through the lever P, switch-postZ, wires m and k, and screw-cup N, where it connects with the main line.

g connects the lever F of the relay to the relay-magnets D,-and when thesaid lever F is so attached by the magnets D as to bring the said leverin contact with the pin a, the circuit is then closed through therelay-lever F and relay-loop G, which connects with the sounder-magnetsby means of the wire 11, and they in turn are connected to the screw-cupN by the wires and k.

The relay-magnets are hung upon the shafts or stems Q, which areconnected at one end by a cross-bar, B. These shafts Q are clampedbetween the pedestal S and the spring-cap T, which is held down uponthem by the screw g. This arrangement holds said relay-magnets withsufiicient firmness, and at the same time allows them to be adjusted bythe thumb-screw U to any desirable distance from the armature E.

Operation.

When it is desirable touse the instrument as a sounder, the switch-leverP is turned to the right, so as to connect the switch-post i with theswitch-post Z.

The current then has a complete connection, through the relay-magnets,from one screw-cup to the other, as already shown by the previousdescription of the connections and the line which they form. But to makethis circuit, it is compelled to pass through the resistance-coil O,which is longer by,considerable than the coils which form thesounder-magnets. The addition of this longer resistance-coil is animportant treatment the instrument, for if this connection between theparts of the line were direct, or the resistance-coil were of lesslength than the sounder-magnets, it is easy to see that the currentwould always prefer this line because of its being shorter, even thoughthe connection through the sounder-magnets should be closed, andconsequently, without this resistance-coil, or its equivalent, theinstrument would'not work with any efiiciency. Some other medium ofresistance, however, might be used instead of the coil, such as aconnection through acidulated water, or various other devices, whichwould offer a resistance to the current, but I prefer a coil ofmagnet-wire as the best.

The machine having been thus connected, and the tensions properlyadjusted, when the key of the operator in the distant ofiice is closed,the lever F of the relay will, of course, be attracted by the currentpassing through the sounder-magnets till it is brought in contact withthe insulated pin a ofthe relay-loop, which. closes the circuit throughthe sounder-magnets, the current then passing over the relay-lever F,down relay-loop G, from thence along the wire a to the sounder-magnets,from which it passes along the wiresp and k to the screw-cup N, and asthe key of the said operator is again opened, the relay-lever will fallback into its natural position against the insulated pin a, and thisconnection through the magnets of the sounder will be opened or cut off.The result is that, when the circuit is thus closed through thesounder-magnets, a greater portion of the current will take thisdirection because of its being the shorter line, thus giving ample powerto work the sounder, as the vibration of the relay-lever, when the keyis opened, completely isolates the sounder-magnets from the line, andsends the whole current through the resistance-coil, thus leaving thesounder-lever perfectly free to rise.

When the instrument is to be used as a repeater, the switch-lever Pshould be turned to the left, as representcd in the drawings. In thiscase the short line of connection through the sounder-magnets, abovedescribed,

is retained when the relay-lever is attracted by the relay-magnets, butwhen the relay-lever falls back into its natural position, the currentis compelled to take the direction through the resistance-coil, exceptwhen the sounder-lever is making its upward stroke, during whichmovement the connection is entirely broken, and by that means thesounder is made to perform the service of a repeater. The power of theaction-of the relay may be regulated by adjusting the relay-magnets to agreater or less distance from the armature.

It is obvious that the construction of the resistance-coil, and in factof several of the other parts, may be somewhat modified without changingthe essential nature of the invention herein described, 'or theoperation of the instrument; as, for example, the resistance-coil may bemade in the same form as the sounder or relaymagnets represented in theaccompanying drawings, and yet, the connection being preserveih-themachine remains substantially the same.

Claims. I claim, as my invention 1. The combination of a. relay, andsounder, and the resistance-coil O, or its equivalent, substantially asand to the effect hereinbefore set forth.

2. The arrangement of parts herein described, or its equivalenfg bywhich the sounder, while controlled by the relay, is also made to workthe mainline as a. repeater, substantially as herein set forth.

3. The combination of the magnets D D, shafts Q Q, clamping-pieces S andT, and adjusting-screw U, or their equivalent, substantially as setforth.

SAML F. DAY.

Witnesses: LUCIUS W. How,

THos. P. How.

